cardiology

Let’s talk DUAL ANTIPLATELETS 👏🏻

🌟WHEN do you use dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT)?

1️⃣ Patients who have had acute coronary syndrome event (ACS) such as a heart attack

2️⃣ Patients who have stable ischemic heart disease and receive a stent placement (in other words, non-ACS setting)

🤫 pssst – if you don’t know what an ACS is – it is ANY condition brought on by a sudden reduction or blockage of blood flow to the heart. This is often caused by plaque rupture or clot formation in the heart’s arteries leading to sx of chest pain.

🌟 Okay great, we know when but WHY?

ACS is considered a medical emergency; treatment is needed to reopen the arteries and restore blood flow to the heart so it can work properly. This is usually done with a combination of medications + procedures such as a PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) where a small structure called a stent is placed to open up the blocked blood vessel.

Afterward, the patient is at higher risk of future thrombotic events since they just had an occurrence and increased risk of stent thrombosis. This is where DAPT is recommended to prevent recurrent ischemic events.

🌟 Cool – but WHAT are dual antiplatelets?

Dual antiplatelet therapy recommendations include:

Aspirin PLUS ticagrelor, prasugrel, or clopidogrel

🌟 P2Y12 inhibitor considerations:

-Prasugrel is the most potent followed by ticagrelor, then clopidogrel (🧠TIP: Prasugrel is the most Potent ‘P’ for potent – but with increased potency comes increased bleeding risks. Avoid prasugrel in pt. age >75, hx of TIA/stroke, and hepatic dysfunction

-All of them are dosed once daily except ticagrelor which is dosed twice daily (🧠TIP: Ticagrelor is dosed ‘T’ for Twice daily) – can your patient be compliant?

-Clopidogrel and prasugrel are affordable and available in generic versions while ticagrelor is not. Can your patient afford it?